Python MongoDB 插入文档(Insert Document)

MongoDB中的文档与SQL数据库中的记录相同。

1、将文档插入集合

要将记录或在MongoDB中调用的文档插入集合中，我们使用insert_one()方法。

insert_one()方法的第一个参数是一个字典，其中包含要插入的文档中每个字段的名称和值。

例如：

在"customers" 集合中插入一条记录：

import pymongo

myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]

mydict = { "name": "John", "address": "Highway 37" }

x = mycol.insert_one(mydict)

2、返回_id字段

insert_one()方法返回一个InsertOneResult对象，该对象具有一个inserted_id属性，该属性保存插入文档的ID。

例如：

在"customers" 集合中插入另一条记录，并返回 _id字段：

mydict = { "name": "Peter", "address": "Lowstreet 27" }

x = mycol.insert_one(mydict)

print(x.inserted_id)

如果您未指定_id字段，则MongoDB将为您添加一个，并为每个文档分配唯一的ID。

在上面的示例中，未指定_id字段，因此MongoDB为记录（文档）分配了唯一的_id。

3、插入多个文档

要将多个文档插入MongoDB中的集合，我们使用 insert_many()方法。

insert_many()方法的第一个参数是一个包含字典的列表，其中包含要插入的数据：

例如：

import pymongo

myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]

mylist = [
{ "name": "Amy", "address": "Apple st 652"},
{ "name": "Hannah", "address": "Mountain 21"},
{ "name": "Michael", "address": "Valley 345"},
{ "name": "Sandy", "address": "Ocean blvd 2"},
{ "name": "Betty", "address": "Green Grass 1"},
{ "name": "Richard", "address": "Sky st 331"},
{ "name": "Susan", "address": "One way 98"},
{ "name": "Vicky", "address": "Yellow Garden 2"},
{ "name": "Ben", "address": "Park Lane 38"},
{ "name": "William", "address": "Central st 954"},
{ "name": "Chuck", "address": "Main Road 989"},
{ "name": "Viola", "address": "Sideway 1633"}
]

x = mycol.insert_many(mylist)

#print list of the _id values of the inserted documents:
print(x.inserted_ids)

insert_many（）方法返回一个InsertManyResult对象，该对象具有属性inserted_ids，该属性保存插入文档的ID。

4、使用指定的id插入多个文档

如果您不希望MongoDB为文档分配唯一的ID，则可以在插入文档时指定_id字段。

请记住，这些值必须是唯一的。两个文档不能具有相同的_id。

例如：

import pymongo

myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]

mylist = [
{ "_id": 1, "name": "John", "address": "Highway 37"},
{ "_id": 2, "name": "Peter", "address": "Lowstreet 27"},
{ "_id": 3, "name": "Amy", "address": "Apple st 652"},
{ "_id": 4, "name": "Hannah", "address": "Mountain 21"},
{ "_id": 5, "name": "Michael", "address": "Valley 345"},
{ "_id": 6, "name": "Sandy", "address": "Ocean blvd 2"},
{ "_id": 7, "name": "Betty", "address": "Green Grass 1"},
{ "_id": 8, "name": "Richard", "address": "Sky st 331"},
{ "_id": 9, "name": "Susan", "address": "One way 98"},
{ "_id": 10, "name": "Vicky", "address": "Yellow Garden 2"},
{ "_id": 11, "name": "Ben", "address": "Park Lane 38"},
{ "_id": 12, "name": "William", "address": "Central st 954"},
{ "_id": 13, "name": "Chuck", "address": "Main Road 989"},
{ "_id": 14, "name": "Viola", "address": "Sideway 1633"}
]

x = mycol.insert_many(mylist)

#print list of the _id values of the inserted documents:
print(x.inserted_ids)